Brand Dossier

McDonald's

FDD-based analysis. Item-level data. No franchisor input.

Rank #10 on Entrepreneur 2026FoodFDD issued 4/15/2026
Ranking ContextRanking from Entrepreneur Media's 2026 Franchise 500. Zorzee is independent and not affiliated with Entrepreneur Media.
Source File2026 Franchise Disclosure Document
About the Brand

About McDonald's

McDonald's is a global quick-service restaurant franchise built around burgers, fries, breakfast, beverages, drive-thru traffic, delivery, digital ordering, and high-volume restaurant operations. The brand has enormous consumer awareness, but the economics still depend on site control, rent or occupancy structure, labor productivity, food cost, royalty, advertising, and required reinvestment. For a buyer, the question is whether the specific restaurant or development opportunity can produce enough cash flow after the brand's operating and capital requirements.

Source: FDD Item 1 and public profile data, rewritten by Zorzee

Investment Summary

The Numbers At a Glance

Total Investment Range
$1,472,000 to $2,807,000
FDD Item 7
Franchise Fee
$45,000
Development fee: No separate development fee cleanly sourced for the standard franchise in Item 5; initial franchise/application fees are disclosed separately.
FDD Item 5
Royalty + Fees
Brand/ad fund: 4%.
Royalty is 5% or 4% of Gross Sales, depending on the circumstances, payable monthly on the 10th day of the next...
FDD Item 6
Earnings Claim
Pro exclusive
The disclosed sales or revenue metric, sample, range, and read are included in Pro.
FDD Item 19

Every value here comes straight from the FDD; anything not yet source-verified stays blank rather than estimated. The Pro figures and full interpretation unlock with a Pro membership.

The FDD Data Table

Everything the 2026 Filing Discloses

Every data point Zorzee tracks for this brand, in FDD Item order. Missing source data stays blank; Pro-only interpretation remains locked.

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ItemData PointValueSource
Item 3Litigation Actions (total) 26 actions disclosed FDD Item 3
Item 5Initial Franchise Fee The Initial Franchise Fee is $45,000 (Item 5, p.17). FDD Item 5
Item 5Development Fee No separate development fee cleanly sourced for the standard franchise in Item 5; initial franchise/application fees are disclosed separately. FDD Item 5
Item 6Royalty Fee Royalty is 5% or 4% of Gross Sales, depending on the circumstances, payable monthly on the 10th day of the next month. FDD Item 6
Item 6National Media Fund Pro FDD Item 6
Item 6Corporate Ad & Development Fund Pro FDD Item 6
Item 6Total Ongoing Fee Burden Pro Calculated (Item 6)
Item 7Total Investment (low) $1,472,000 FDD Item 7
Item 7Total Investment (high) $2,807,000 FDD Item 7
Item 8Required Purchases (food/supplies) Pro FDD Item 8
Item 11Franchisor Assistance Pro FDD Item 11
Item 12Exclusive Territory Pro FDD Item 12
Item 12Territory Size Pro FDD Item 12
Item 15Operating Participation Pro FDD Item 15
Item 17Initial Term Length Pro FDD Item 17(a)
Item 17Renewal Terms Pro FDD Item 17(b)-(c)
Item 17Required Remodel at Renewal Pro FDD Item 17(c)
Item 17Termination Triggers Pro FDD Item 17(f)-(h)
Item 17Transfer Fee Pro FDD Item 17(m), Item 6
Item 17ROFR Provisions Pro FDD Item 17(n)
Item 17Post-Termination Non-Compete Pro FDD Item 17(r)
Item 19Revenue Metric Disclosed Pro FDD Item 19
Item 20Total Franchised Units (2025) 13,062 FDD Item 20
Item 20Company-Owned Units (2025) 644 FDD Item 20
Item 20Total System Net Unit Growth (YoY) +147 FDD Item 20
Item 20Terminations Pro FDD Item 20
Item 20Agreements Signed, Not Yet Open Pro FDD Item 20
Item 21Audited Financials Pro FDD Item 21
Pro Data Points Locked
The free table maps every data point to its FDD source. Pro fills in the values and interpretation that require the full read.
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The Signal Tracker

Five Signals From the 2026 Filing

Each signal turns one part of the filing into a read a buyer can act on. Strength means the disclosed data is favorable. In Line means it is typical for the category. Deal-Specific means the term is populated but you still have to model it against your own deal. Concern means the disclosed data is a real risk. The read is free. The reasoning behind it is the Pro read.

Fee Structure
Deal-Specific
FDD Item 6
The Pro Read

Fee terms are disclosed in Item 6, and the model includes rent because the franchisor is typically the landlord. The full structure is included in Pro.

Unit Economics
Strength
FDD Item 19
The Pro Read

The franchisor discloses average and median sales for a very large group of traditional franchised restaurants, with the high, the low, and several thresholds showing how many clear key sales levels. It is one of the deepest disclosures in the category. The number is sales, not profit, and it does not reflect the rent and royalty structure a franchisee pays.

Litigation History
Concern
FDD Item 3
The Pro Read

FDD Item 3 discloses 26 actions. Case names, allegations, procedural posture, and source quotes are locked in Pro.

Operator Validation
Deal-Specific
FDD Item 20
The Pro Read

The U.S. system ended 2025 with 13,706 restaurants, including 13,062 franchised units and 644 company-owned units.

Term & Exit Terms
Deal-Specific
FDD Item 17
The Pro Read

The traditional franchise runs for a twenty-year term with no right to renew or extend; any new term is granted only at the franchisor's sole discretion under a policy that is not a contract right. Transfer consent, a franchisor right of first refusal, and post-term non-compete provisions are disclosed.

Five Reads In. The Reasoning Is Locked.
You can see where each signal lands. Pro gives you the why: the math, the source detail, and what to validate before you act.
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Item 19: Earnings Disclosure

What the Earnings Claim Says, and What It Does Not

Item 19 earnings data is disclosed for McDonald's. The unit sales or revenue metric itself remains locked in Pro; the caution below stays free.

What the Claim Discloses
Disclosed Sales or Revenue Metric
Pro
Median Unit Metric
Pro
Sample Size & Coverage
Pro
High / Low Range
Pro
Percent Meeting or Beating the Average
Pro
What the Disclosure Excludes
Pro
What the Number Doesn't Tell You
Free, because misreading Item 19 is one of the costliest mistakes a first-time buyer can make.
  • Item 19 reports the disclosed sales or revenue metric. That is not profit, and not a forecast of what you would personally take home.
  • An average and a median are not the same number. Know which you are shown and how far apart they sit.
  • What reaches you is whatever survives operating costs and debt service. Item 19 never shows that figure.
Earnings Read Locked
Pro turns the disclosed fields into a read: whether the average is trustworthy, what the disclosure leaves out, and the year-one revenue number Zorzee would underwrite.
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Unit Count and Trajectory

A System Still Expanding

Total Units
13,706
Latest sourced FDD year
Franchised
13,062
FDD Item 20
Company-Owned
644
FDD Item 20
Total System Net Change (YoY)
+147
Latest total-system change
Total System Units, Latest Available FDD Years
13,457
2023
13,559
2024
13,706
2025

McDonald's trajectory is shown only where source-backed. Missing Item 20 fields stay blank inside the locked layout instead of removing the section.

Source: FDD Item 20 where present. Total system units, franchised plus company-owned. Not financial advice.

Beyond the Net Number
A net unit count is not the same as healthy stores. Pro breaks out openings, closures, terminations, and what the trajectory signals.
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Litigation History

What FDD Item 3 Discloses

26 actions disclosed in FDD Item 3. Case-level detail remains locked in Pro.

Case 01
Item 3 action disclosed
Case-level detail locked in Pro
The Read · Pro
Case 02
Item 3 action disclosed
Case-level detail locked in Pro
The Read · Pro
Case 03
Item 3 action disclosed
Case-level detail locked in Pro
The Read · Pro
What a Litigation Count Doesn't Tell You
Free, because a raw lawsuit count is one of the most misread lines in any FDD.
  • A count means nothing without scale and time. Always compare it to system size and years covered.
  • The pattern matters more than the total. Repeated allegations matter more than isolated disputes.
  • Concluded and open matters are not the same weight. Open matters require different diligence than old resolved matters.
Litigation Read Locked
Pro gives the case-by-case read: allegations, status, scale context, and whether any pattern matters before signing.
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Editorial Analysis

The Zorzee Read

The Zorzee Take
The editor's synthesis: what the filing actually means once the numbers, diligence, and operator reality are weighed against each other. The Take names what matters, what does not, and what must be validated before any decision.
The Read · Pro
The Inversion
Charlie Munger's rule: to understand a thing, study how it fails. Zorzee stress-tests every brand against forecasting, site selection, management depth, and exit math. The framework is free. Which modes bite hardest for this brand, and the fix for each, is the read.
The Failure-Mode Read · Pro
The Editorial Read Is Locked
Pro unlocks the full Zorzee read on McDonald's: the editorial synthesis, the math behind the numbers, and the failure modes the filing reveals. Zorzee briefs the decision; you make it.
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Zorzee editorial. Independent analysis. No franchisor review or approval. Not financial advice.

The Decision

You've Seen the Filing. The Read Is Still the Missing Piece.

The filing tells you what McDonald's costs to open. Pro adds the read on whether the numbers work for you, in your market, and whether this brand is a business or a job you bought.

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This Dossier
  • The full read behind all five Signal Tracker verdicts
  • Pro FDD data points from fee burden through Item 17 and audited financials
  • The Item 19 earnings read where disclosed
  • The litigation and system-health read
  • The Zorzee Take and failure-mode analysis
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